Browser

기준일: 2026-07-26
공식 기준: Browser

Browser 문서는 OpenClaw 공식 문서(cli/browser)를 한국어로 정리한 가이드입니다. CLI reference for openclaw browser (lifecycle, profiles, tabs, actions, state, and debugging) 명령·설정 키·코드 예시는 공식 문서를 그대로 보존하며, 해석과 절차 안내는 한국어로 제공합니다. 최종 동작은 설치된 CLI 버전과 공식 원문을 확인하세요.

핵심 요약

CLI reference for openclaw browser (lifecycle, profiles, tabs, actions, state, and debugging)

한국어 가이드 범위: cli/browser 경로의 설정·명령·제약·예시를 학습용으로 재구성합니다.

문서 구성

공식 문서의 주요 섹션은 다음과 같습니다.

• Common flags
• Quick start (local)
• Quick troubleshooting
• Lifecycle
• If the command is missing
• Profiles
• Tabs
• Snapshot / screenshot / actions
• State and storage
• Debugging
• Existing Chrome via MCP
• Remote browser control (node host proxy)
• 관련 문서

상세 내용

openclaw browser

Manage OpenClaw's browser control surface and run browser actions: lifecycle, profiles, tabs, snapshots, screenshots, navigation, input, state emulation, and debugging.

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

Common flags

place it before the subcommand for an unambiguous form, such as openclaw browser --json status. Trailing placement such as openclaw browser status --json also works when the selected child command does not define its own --json.

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

주요 항목:

• --url <gatewayWsUrl>: Gateway WebSocket URL (defaults to config).
• --token <token>: Gateway token (if required).
• --timeout <ms>: request timeout in ms (default: 30000).
• --expect-final: wait for a final Gateway response.
• --browser-profile <name>: choose a browser profile (default: openclaw, or browser.defaultProfile).
• --json: machine-readable output (where supported). This is a browser-level option, so

Quick start (local)

Agents can run the same readiness check with browser({ action: "doctor" }).

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

openclaw browser profiles
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw start
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw open https://example.com
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw snapshot

Quick troubleshooting

If start fails with not reachable after start, troubleshoot CDP readiness first. If start and tabs succeed but open or navigate fails, the browser control plane is healthy and the failure is usually a navigation SSRF policy block.

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw doctor
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw start
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw tabs
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw open https://example.com

Lifecycle

graphics diagnostics from Chrome: hardware/software classification, renderer, backend, device/driver, feature and disabled-status details, and accelerated video capabilities. openclaw browser --json status returns the full structured payload. Passive status never launches Chrome just to collect these facts.

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

주요 항목:

• doctor --deep adds a live snapshot probe: useful when basic CDP readiness is green but you want proof the current tab can be inspected.
• For a running local managed profile, status and doctor report cached
• stop closes the active control session and clears temporary emulation overrides even for attachOnly and remote CDP profiles where OpenClaw did not launch the browser process itself. For local managed profiles, stop also stops the spawned browser process.
• start --headless applies only to that start request, and only when OpenClaw launches a local managed browser. It does not rewrite browser.headless or profile config, and is a no-op for an already-running browser.
• On Linux hosts without DISPLAY or WAYLAND_DISPLAY, local managed profiles run headless automatically unless OPENCLAW_BROWSER_HEADLESS=0, browser.headless=false, or browser.profiles.<name>.headless=false explicitly requests a visible browser.

openclaw browser status
openclaw browser doctor
openclaw browser doctor --deep
openclaw browser start
openclaw browser start --headless
openclaw browser stop
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw reset-profile

If the command is missing

If openclaw browser is an unknown command, check plugins.allow in ~/.openclaw/openclaw.json. When plugins.allow is present, list the bundled browser plugin explicitly unless the config already has a root browser block:

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

{
  plugins: {
    allow: ["telegram", "browser"],
  },
}

Profiles

Profiles are named browser routing configs:

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

주요 항목:

• openclaw (default): launches or attaches to a dedicated OpenClaw-managed Chrome instance (isolated user data dir).
• user: controls your existing signed-in Chrome session via Chrome DevTools MCP.
• custom CDP profiles: point at a local or remote CDP endpoint.

openclaw browser profiles
openclaw browser system-profiles
openclaw browser system-profiles --browser brave
openclaw browser import-profile --browser chrome --system Default --into imported
openclaw browser import-profile --system "Profile 1" --into work --domains google.com,youtube.com
openclaw browser create-profile --name work --color "#FF5A36"
openclaw browser create-profile --name chrome-live --driver existing-session
openclaw browser create-profile --name remote --cdp-url https://browser-host.example.com
openclaw browser delete-profile --name work

Tabs

tabs returns suggestedTargetId first, then the stable tabId (such as t1), the optional label, and the raw targetId. Pass suggestedTargetId back into focus, close, snapshots, and actions. Assign a label with open --label, tab new --label, or tab label; labels, tab ids, raw target ids, and unique target-id prefixes are all accepted. The request field is still named targetId for compatibility, but it accepts any of these tab references.

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

openclaw browser tabs
openclaw browser tab new --label docs
openclaw browser tab label t1 docs
openclaw browser tab select 2
openclaw browser tab close 2
openclaw browser open https://docs.openclaw.ai --label docs
openclaw browser focus docs
openclaw browser close t1

Snapshot / screenshot / actions

existing-session profiles render a chrome-mcp overlay on page screenshots but do not use the Playwright projection helper and do not include annotations; CSS --element screenshots are unsupported there. Without Playwright or chrome-mcp, labeled screenshots are not available.

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

주요 항목:

• --full-page is for page captures only; it cannot be combined with --ref or --element.
• existing-session / user profiles support page screenshots and --ref screenshots from snapshot output, but not CSS --element screenshots.
• --labels overlays current snapshot refs on the screenshot. On Playwright-backed profiles it works with --full-page (full-page overlay), --ref (element-clip overlay by ARIA ref), and --element (element-clip overlay by CSS selector); in element-clip modes labels are projected relative to the element. The response also includes an annotations array (omitted when empty) with each ref's bounding box: ref, number, role, optional name, and box: {x, y, width, height} in the captured image's coordinate space (viewport / fullpage / element-relative).
• snapshot --urls appends discovered link destinations to AI snapshots so agents can choose direct navigation targets instead of guessing from link text alone.

openclaw browser snapshot
openclaw browser snapshot --urls

openclaw browser screenshot
openclaw browser screenshot --full-page
openclaw browser screenshot --ref e12
openclaw browser screenshot --labels

openclaw browser navigate https://example.com
openclaw browser click <ref>
openclaw browser click-coords 120 340
openclaw browser type <ref> "hello"
openclaw browser press Enter
openclaw browser hover <ref>
openclaw browser scrollintoview <ref>
openclaw browser drag <startRef> <endRef>
openclaw browser select <ref> OptionA OptionB
openclaw browser fill --fields '[{"ref":"1","value":"Ada"}]'
openclaw browser wait --text "Done"
openclaw browser evaluate --fn '(el) => el.textContent' --ref <ref>
openclaw browser evaluate --fn 'const title = document.title; return title;'
openclaw browser evaluate --timeout-ms 30000 --fn 'async () => { await window.ready; return true; }'

openclaw browser upload /tmp/openclaw/uploads/file.pdf --ref <ref>
openclaw browser upload media://inbound/file.pdf --ref <ref>
openclaw browser waitfordownload
openclaw browser download <ref> report.pdf
openclaw browser dialog --accept
openclaw browser dialog --dismiss --dialog-id d1

State and storage

openclaw browser resize 1280 720
openclaw browser set viewport 1280 720
openclaw browser set offline on
openclaw browser set media dark
openclaw browser set timezone Europe/London
openclaw browser set locale en-GB
openclaw browser set geo 51.5074 -0.1278 --accuracy 25
openclaw browser set device "iPhone 14"
openclaw browser set headers '{"x-test":"1"}'
openclaw browser set credentials myuser mypass

openclaw browser cookies
openclaw browser cookies set session abc123 --url https://example.com
openclaw browser cookies clear
openclaw browser storage local get
openclaw browser storage local set token abc123
openclaw browser storage session clear

Debugging

openclaw browser console --level error
openclaw browser pdf
openclaw browser responsebody "**/api"
openclaw browser highlight <ref>
openclaw browser errors --clear
openclaw browser requests --filter api
openclaw browser trace start
openclaw browser trace stop --out trace.zip

Existing Chrome via MCP

Use the built-in user profile, or create your own existing-session profile:

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

주요 항목:

• Snapshot-driven actions use refs, not CSS selectors.
• Supported act requests use a built-in 60000 ms default when callers omit timeoutMs; per-call timeoutMs still wins.
• click is left-click only.
• type does not support slowly=true.
• press does not support delayMs.
• hover, scrollintoview, drag, select, and fill reject per-call timeout overrides; evaluate accepts --timeout-ms.
• select supports one value only.
• wait --load networkidle is not supported (works on managed and raw/remote CDP profiles).
• File uploads require --ref / --input-ref, do not support CSS --element, and support one file at a time.
• Dialog hooks do not support --timeout.
• Screenshots support page captures and --ref, but not CSS --element.
• responsebody, download interception, PDF export, and batch actions still require a managed browser or raw CDP profile.

openclaw browser --browser-profile user tabs
openclaw browser create-profile --name chrome-live --driver existing-session
openclaw browser create-profile --name brave-live --driver existing-session --user-data-dir "~/Library/Application Support/BraveSoftware/Brave-Browser"
openclaw browser create-profile --name chrome-port --driver existing-session --cdp-url http://127.0.0.1:9222
openclaw browser --browser-profile chrome-live tabs

Remote browser control (node host proxy)

If the Gateway runs on a different machine than the browser, run a node host on the machine that has Chrome/Brave/Edge/Chromium. The Gateway proxies browser actions to that node; no separate browser control server is required.

위 내용은 공식 문서의 해당 섹션 요지입니다. 세부 플래그·기본값은 원문과 --help를 확인하세요.

관련 문서

주요 항목:

• CLI reference
• Browser

실습 체크리스트

1. 공식 문서와 로컬 버전을 대조합니다: https://docs.openclaw.ai/cli/browser
2. 관련 CLI는 openclaw --help 및 하위 명령 --help로 옵션을 확인합니다.
3. 설정 변경 시 openclaw config / openclaw doctor로 유효성을 검사합니다.
4. Gateway·채널·플러그인 변경 후에는 필요 시 Gateway를 재시작합니다.

자주 쓰는 명령·설정 예시

openclaw browser profiles
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw start
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw open https://example.com
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw snapshot

openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw doctor
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw start
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw tabs
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw open https://example.com

openclaw browser status
openclaw browser doctor
openclaw browser doctor --deep
openclaw browser start
openclaw browser start --headless
openclaw browser stop
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw reset-profile

{
  plugins: {
    allow: ["telegram", "browser"],
  },
}

openclaw browser profiles
openclaw browser system-profiles
openclaw browser system-profiles --browser brave
openclaw browser import-profile --browser chrome --system Default --into imported
openclaw browser import-profile --system "Profile 1" --into work --domains google.com,youtube.com
openclaw browser create-profile --name work --color "#FF5A36"
openclaw browser create-profile --name chrome-live --driver existing-session
openclaw browser create-profile --name remote --cdp-url https://browser-host.example.com
openclaw browser delete-profile --name work

openclaw browser tabs
openclaw browser tab new --label docs
openclaw browser tab label t1 docs
openclaw browser tab select 2
openclaw browser tab close 2
openclaw browser open https://docs.openclaw.ai --label docs
openclaw browser focus docs
openclaw browser close t1

관련 링크

• 공식 원문: cli/browser
• OpenClaw 문서 홈

이 가이드는 공식 문서를 한국어 학습용으로 재구성한 것입니다. 옵션 기본값·플래그 이름은 설치 버전에 따라 달라질 수 있습니다.